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R-134A is not compatable with the Oil left in the System from the R-12. R-134A uses a Synthetic 'POE' Oil. As you install the R-134A into a contaiminated system, any remaining Mineral Oil is Transformed into a Jello like Substance. IF the Jello is a minor Amount, it can actually Plug up small leaks in the Hoses and Seals. If the amount is greater, then your system has 'Floating Blood Clots' that will wander around the system plugging up things.. After a while it will start plugging up oil clearances in the compressor, and complete failure will result.
If you change the Compressor, to a R-134A Unit, it's never had Mineral Oil in it, so it likely will not fail. Residual Oil will stay in the Old Drier, so to remove that and replace the drier. Then the piping needs to be Flushed to remove all the Residual Oil Also.. or just Replace ALL the Piping, and the Probem is solved.
Next problem is the R-134A runs at a Higher pressure on the Hot Side. The Condenser needs to be Bigger to allow more heat out of the System, and the Older Compressors do not like running at higher Pressures of R-134a.
The Addition of the increased Work load on the old R-12 Compressor, with the Chances of Contaminated oil System, leads to eventual system failure of old R-12 units when run on R-134a.
Best to just replace it all to begin with, and run R-134A, or keep stock and run R-12.
Cj
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